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Treatments For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Counseling and drugs are both effective treatment options for ADD. Both are crucial to test to determine which is more efficient. People suffering from classic ADD tend to be inattentive and disorganized, as well as hyperactive. They have a lack of blood flow to the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. They also have low dopamine levels. www.iampsychiatry.uk involves increasing the levels of dopamine. Stimulants Stimulants increase the efficiency of the body's systems. They are available in prescription medications such as amphetamines, methylphenidates, as well as diet aids such as Didrex, Bontril, and Fastin. They can also be illegally used and are often mixed with other substances, such as methcathinone and cocaine. They are available as pills, liquids, syrups or patches. They boost the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain's synapses, thereby improving concentration. They also reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity and help improve working memory. They are the most commonly prescribed drug for adults with ADHD. They can trigger negative side effects, such as a decreased appetite, insomnia and increased heart rate or blood pressure. They can interact with certain medicines and medical conditions. It is important to speak with your physician about any concerns. Medicines can lessen ADHD symptoms in about 70% to 80% of those who are taking them. However, not everyone responds to the same medications, and the effects aren't always lasting. Some people aren't a fan of stimulants or can't tolerate their negative effects. In this instance doctors will prescribe non-stimulant medication. These drugs aren't as effective as stimulants, but they can help improve attention, focus and control impulses. Doctors sometimes prescribe these along with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Nonstimulant medications take longer to begin working and they don't react as fast. They don't raise dopamine levels and they have a different effect on neurotransmitters. Examples include atomoxetine (clonidine), guanfacine, and the clonidine. Drowsiness is the most frequent side consequence. The drowsiness is reduced by increasing the dosage or taking the medication at the time of bed. The drowsiness will diminish in a few weeks after starting treatment. Antidepressants Most antidepressants affect the chemical substances in the brain known as neurotransmitters. They are classified based on how they affect neurotransmitters, with each group having drugs that work in slightly different ways. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). A medical professional may start you on one of these groups to help relieve depression and anxiety symptoms. These medications may not offer immediate relief. It may take several weeks to feel the full benefit. Your doctor and you will decide on the best medication for you. They may add other medications or mix two antidepressants to improve your treatment. This is referred to as an augmentation. The most popular augmentation drugs are aripiprazole, quetiapine and lithium. Different antidepressants have different adverse effects. It is recommended to discuss these adverse effects with your doctor, as they may interfere with your daily activities. These effects can be mild or severe and can depend on the type of antidepressant that you're taking. It is also important to inform your doctor about any other medicines or herbal remedies you're taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbs like St. John's wort. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants and are believed to have less side-effects than other types of antidepressants. SSRIs are fluoxetine (Prozac) as well as paraxetine (Paxil and Pexeva) as well as sertraline (Zoloft). SNRIs increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This is why they are considered to be more effective than SSRIs. They also have a shorter half-life and are less likely than SSRIs to interact with other medications. SNRIs include duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants can be utilized to boost energy levels and make you feel more alert. They are beneficial for those suffering from anxiety or insomnia. They include bupropion (Wellbutrin Zyban, Wellbutrin) and mirtazapine (Remeron). These drugs can cause jitteriness, insomnia or drowsiness, but they can be beneficial for many people with depression, ADHD and anxiety. They are also used for bulimia and as a smoking cessation aid. Cognitive behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy is a tried and true treatment for mental disorders. It is based on the idea that emotions and thoughts are interconnected and can be changed. CBT is an approach that is short-term and goal-oriented which can help you develop new ways to deal with negative thoughts and stressors. It can be used to treat anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. The purpose of CBT is to change negative thoughts into positive emotions and behavior. The technique is a mixture of two treatments, cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. This kind of psychotherapy is usually short-term and can be performed in a group or individually. A therapist will teach you various techniques, and you'll practice them in your daily life. Some of these techniques include: being able to recognize your negative thoughts, practicing mindfulness meditation and keeping a mental journal. A Therapist can also assist you in identifying negative thoughts that cause you to take on a negative behavior and help you learn to change these beliefs. They'll also help you develop problem-solving skills so that you can handle challenges that come up in your daily life. CBT therapists will also encourage you to set SMART goals (specific, measurable, attainable relevant, and time-based) to aid in tracking your progress. Although each type of cognitive behavior therapy has a slightly different approach but they all are focused on identifying the underlying mental thoughts that contribute to emotional distress and changing them. The therapists will use different techniques, but most are based on the concepts of classical and operant conditioning, which involve associating stimuli with their effects. While you are in treatment, you will be rewarded for working through tasks. You'll also be punished when you fail to complete the task. In your initial sessions with your therapist, you and the therapist will be able to identify the problematic behavior and replace them with healthy ones. You might be assigned homework to help you master the skills. You may need anywhere from six to twenty one-on-one sessions, based on the nature and severity of your illness. CBT is effective in treating a wide range of conditions including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). It can also be effective in treating adult ADHD which can affect people as young as seven. Counselling Counselling is a type of psychotherapy that involves regular, planned meetings with a therapist to talk about your issues. The sessions can last up to 50 minutes and can be conducted face-to-face in groups, or by phone. Counselling can assist people suffering from various mental health issues like schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. Counselling can be used to talk about friendship, family, and relationship issues as well as work-related issues. A counselor will listen to your issues and provide an objective viewpoint. They can identify patterns of behavior and suggest ways to change them. They will be able to teach you strategies for coping and strategies for managing stress, anxiety or depression. They can assist you in dealing with major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a loved one. They can also show you how to cope with addictions or a chronic illness. Some counsellors charge a fee for their services, whereas others may be covered by Medicare rebates when you have a mental health plan from your doctor.